Symbol | Cl | Atomic radius: pm | 99 | Fusion: kJ/Mole | 6.4 |
Name | Chlorine | Ionic radius: pm | (-1)181 | Boiling point: °C | -34 |
Atomic number | 17 | Electron affinity | 3.61 | Melting point: °C | -102 |
Atomic weight | 35.45 | 1st ion potential | 12.97 | Specific Heat Cap: J/(g K) | 0.48 |
Classification | Non-metal | Natural form | Gas(Cl2) | Thermal Cond: W/(cm K) | <0.001 |
Configuration | [Ne]3s2p5 | Crystal structure | - | Electrical Cond | - |
Oxidation states | +/-1,3,5,7 | Density | 3.21 | Abundance: mg/kg-crust | 145 |
Electronegativity | 3.16 | Vaporization: kJ/Mole | 20.41 | ||
Chlorine was first prepared from muriatic (hydrochloric) acid and manganese dioxide in 1774 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele. It was considered a compound until Sir Humphrey Davy showed in 1810 that it could not be decomposed and that muriatic acid consists of two simple substances: hydrogen and a true element that he named chlorine. | Uses - bleach, PVC pipe, water purification, cleaning compounds |