Symbol | Ge | Atomic radius: pm | 123 | Fusion: kJ/Mole | 36.94 |
Name | Germanium | Ionic radius: pm | (+4)53 | Boiling point: °C | 2833 |
Atomic number | 32 | Electron affinity | 1.23 | Melting point: °C | 939 |
Atomic weight | 72.61 | 1st ion potential | 7.90 | Specific Heat Cap: J/(g K) | 0.32 |
Classification | Metalloid | Natural form | Solid | Thermal Cond: W/(cm K) | 0.60 |
Configuration | [Ar]3d104s2p2 | Crystal structure | FCC | Electrical Cond | 1.45x10-8 |
Oxidation states | 4 | Density | 5.32 | Abundance: mg/kg-crust | 1.5 |
Electronegativity | 2.01 | Vaporization: kJ/Mole | 334.0 | ||
Although germanium was not discovered until 1886 by Clemens Winkler, a German chemist, its existence, properties, and position in the periodic table had been predicted in 1871 by the Russian chemist Dimitri Ivanovich Mendeleev, who called the hypothetical element ekasilicon | Uses - semiconductor, gamma radiation detection, transistors, wide-angle lenses, phosphor in fluorescent lamps |